Shape memory alloys (FMA) are metals with two different crystal structures, the so-called phases, depending on the temperature: The high-temperature phase called “austenite” and the low-temperature phase called “martensite.” If the temperature changes, the crystal lattice and thus the shape of the component changes to one of the two crystal structures. This allows FGL to “remember” a previously imprinted shape. Due to this property, they are also referred to as memory metals.